考研英语中描写段如何写人物对话或心理活动？

考研英语大作文（即看图作文）中，经常出现人物之间的对话，或人物的心理活动。比如2022年考研英语看图作文是两个学生的对话，其中一个学生说：“不是我们专业的，听了也没多大用”，另一个说：“听听总会有好处”。：再如2021年考研英语看图作文是父子俩的对话，其中儿子说：“爸爸，好多同学说唱戏不好玩”，但爸爸却说：“你不是喜欢吗？那就够了”。

2020年的考题涉及的是两个人物的心理活动，其中女孩在想：“尽早完成才放心”，男孩则在想：“不到最后不动手”。

图画中人物的这些话语和心理活动很重要，通常是点明图画的主题，因此需要在绘画描写中表述出来。一般说来，我们有两种方式来写人物的话语和心理活动：直接引语和间接引语。

直接引语将人物话语和心理放在引号里面，间接引语则没有引号。直接引语和间接引语的区别主要体现在人称、时态和时间表达语等三个方面。比如：

(1)One covered his face with his hand, and said hopelessly, “everything is over!”（直接引语）One covered his face with his hand, and said hopelesslythateverythingwasover.（间接引语）

(2)...the other reached out his hand to set right the bottle and said with a hopeful smile, “it’s lucky we still have some.”（直接引语）...the other reached out his hand to set right the bottle and said with a hopeful smilethatitwasluckytheystillhadsome.（间接引语）

考研写作中，如果两个人物同时都有话语或心理活动，建议考生将其中一个人物处理为间接引语，而将另一个人物处理为直接引语。通常情况下，建议考生将自己同意的人物话语处理为直接引语，同时将自己反对的人物话语处理为间接引语。

在一篇作文中，同时使用直接引语和间接引语，可以向考官展示自己可以使用两种引语形式的语言能力，使文章表达更具多样性。 将自己同意的人物话语处理为直接引语，而将反对的人物话语处理为间接引语，是因为直接引语能让读者更直接地看到正面观点，而间接引语则更有利于表达你自己的观点。

我们先看2022年的考题。

From the picture, we can see twogirl studentsstanding in front of the bulletin board. The poster said there was going to be a lecture.The girl with ponytail hair on the leftsaidindifferently that the lecture was useless because it had nothing to do with her major.The girl on the right, however,saidwith an enthusiastic expression on her face, "Lectures are always good to us！"（第一段描写段）

这里，我们最好把第一位女孩的话写成间接引语，从而让右边这位女孩的直接引语显得更为有力。

再看2021年的考题。

From the picutre, we can see a boy and his father in a conversation.Dressed in Monkey King's costume, and looking depressed, the boy told his father that many of his classmates did not think much of traditional Chinese operas.The father looked at him and said encouragingly, "Well, it is fine as long as you love them!" (第一段描写段）

这里，我们最好把小男孩的话写成间接引语，以突出父亲直接引语的重量。

最后看2020年的考题。

From the two pictures, we can see a boy and a girl are doing their homework.The boy in the right picture avoided doing his work by sitting leisurely on the sofa, trying to persuade himself that he could leave his work until the last moment.The girl in the right picture, however, kept telling herself, "I should finish my work as soon as possible!"

这里，我们同样最好把男孩的心理活动写成间接引语，而把女孩的心理活动写成直接引语。总之，在考研写作描写图画时，如果涉及两个人物的对话或心理活动，我们可以考虑将其中一个写成直接引语，而将另一个写成间接引语。

通常我们先用间接引语写出我们反对的那个话语，然后用直接引语写出我们支持的那个话语。这样写，既可增加引语的多样性，又可突出学生希望支持的观点，可谓一举两得。大家可以尝试一下。