英文写作过程中如何使用副词？

正式的例子前要说明几点

1、“ 副词多” 有时候会被认为文字简洁度不好，毕竟副词也是修饰性文字，而修饰性的文字太多，显然不够理中客。所以这里不是要说多用副词，而是有的时候一个副词的使用可以替代介词词组甚至是短句的功能。

2、所谓驾驭文字，就是我们输出文字的目的不在是为了简单的字数，而是如果能高效清楚的让读者明白我们的意思。

# Rudely

Many of the decisions I made around my pregnancies were based on the looming specter of “advanced maternal age,” which is typically defined as 35 or older. Rudely, this used to be called a “geriatric pregnancy,” but that term is thankfully now out of fashion.

rudely 这里放到句首强调突出了作者对于后面观点的态度

# Fortunately, arguably

Fortunately, help is at hand. Disney, arguably the child-friendliest brand of all, has created a new role tasked with seeking out external children’s programming—part of a reorganisation to separate content creation from merchandising. 

fortunately 这里的功能和上例的rudely 差不多，就是总领下作者对于后句内容的态度。

arguably 说明作者说的没那么的绝对，是有些qualify 的，但是不管怎么翻译，考试阅读和平时阅读的时候都要注意，作者对于后面的内容是肯定的态度，比如这个句子就是作者认同 Disney 就是最孩童友好的品牌。

# Certainly 

= Surely 都是表示让步的态度

And it certainly isn’t that age doesn’t matter at all; fertility does decline over time, and maternal age may be a factor for certain conditions. Rather, the takeaway is that there’s nothing magical about age 35. 

# largely, collectively

In 2021, a large international study found that the composition of these microorganisms, collectively known as our microbiomes, is largely shaped by what we eat. 

largely 和 collectively这里都是表示程度上的修饰

# solely

They mean that historical figures should be studied in the round and placed in the context of their times, rather than judged solely by modern criteria. 

功能上和largely，collectively 类似

# purely 

The Shakespeare reading group is not a course; there are no grades or assignments; it is purely voluntary. 

功能上和solely, largely，collectively 类似

# historically

But historically, nutrition research has focused largely on how the foods we eat affect our physical health, rather than our mental health.”

常见的表示时间的副词还有recently, previously... 

# reportedly

Its own parent, Viacom cbs, is reportedly in talks to buy the “Alvin and the Chipmunks” franchise from its creators for as much as $300m.

相比于用 it is reported that 会简洁些；

这个替代和arguably （= it is argued that ） 很像