8月24日托福考试落下帷幕，考情速递也为大家整理好啦
听力阅读真的好难综合写作有点冷门同学们觉得这次考得如何？待备考同学们都能顺利上岸！
备考的同学速速集合！快来看看本场具体考了哪些内容吧
阅读
R1
考古学家是认为在此之前全都是一些微生物或者软体动物，他们根本就不会留下化石。当这些地质学家在寻找这些化石的时候，发现因为这些化石本身地层就非常的古老，他们很有可能被深藏在地下，承受着巨大的热量以及压力。因此哪怕有化石，这些化石有可能也已经变质了。还有一种可能是这些画室已经被腐蚀掉了，还有一种可能是他们被压在上面的底层，深深的压在下面，几乎无法找到。
而且科学家们通过研究地层发现，在此之前的地层很明显氧气非常的缺乏，这使得生物很难在当时来进行生长。因此在那个时候，整个地球上面全都是细菌。他们被海洋所进行覆盖。而且哪怕找到的一些化石，也基本上都是微生物或者是一些薄片。哪怕用显微镜来进行观察，也很难去发现他们。因此地质学家很难去发现这些化石。曾经有一次一位北美的考古学家就发现，一块化石上面的结构很像是一个冰晶。像是冰晶所组成的一个图案。但是他认为这仅仅是冰晶而不是化石。换句话说，也就是考古学家们很容易脑补出一些图案或者是形状。但是这并不是化石本身。
因为很多的地质学家在早期的时候就会脑补各种各样的形状，以及认为他们有可能是化石，他们就感觉这个里面石头的某些形状特别像是一些树枝，而这些树枝有可能本身是由一些化学物质组成的，只是它们的形状很像是植物。与此类似的是，一些化学物质很容易会形成小球，而这些小球经常被一些人认为是一些动物的大脑。这就像是我们看空中云的时候，我们就能把这些云想象成小兔子，想象成城堡，想象成火龙是一样的。因此，经验丰富的考古学家会怀疑每一个新的发现。
R2
整个植物的群落往往生物多样性非常高，而不是被一种植物所主导，因为这很有可能是与整个热带雨林的进化是有关联的，因为在早期的时候，整个的热带雨林其实也非常的干旱，因此热带雨林只能缩成一片又一片的小的群落来进行生长，然后慢慢的随着整个地球的水分越来越高。不同的生物群落又重新联合在一起，这使得不同的生物必须来进行很好的融合，并且保证生物的多样性很高。而且如果是单一生物占据主导的话，那么往往某一种病毒的出现就有可能使得整片的植物全都死亡。而且新的植物一定是与老的植物离得越远，才能获得更多的阳光，进而更好的生长。这都降低了相同植物占据绝对优势的可能性。
而且在热带雨林当中，因为温度合适，其实全年四季都有非常多的花朵以及果实。因此这些全年当中有接近20种树木在不同的时段来开花结果。而且因为它是常年开花结果的。这也使得在当地生活的动物常年都有树叶可以来进行食用。因为不同的花卉是有自己不同的授粉时间和授粉机制的。这也就需要各种各样的昆虫来进行配合。因此在当地可以找到几十种蚂蚁上万种昆虫。
而且因为整个热带雨林的地面上常年都会有一些树叶，这就会使得这里面的树叶分解的特别快，同样树叶分解了之后也会给大地带来在很多的矿物质，这样就使得土壤的肥力就更好。而且随着降水的出现，这些矿物质还会被带到土壤的下层。这样就使得植物可以更好地进行吸收。
听力
C1
学生向艺术历史教授咨询了即将到来的学期课程的具体要求。教授建议她前往书店选购所需的教科书，并利用自己的大学ID号码登录课程专属网站，以获取课程安排、日历和其他重要文件。对于课程中所需的素描本，教授明确指出，学生将用它来记录课堂笔记。面对学生对自己绘画技巧的担忧，教授提出可以采用多种方式来丰富素描本的内容，比如可以添加相关的复印件或图像，以此来展示和反映课程所学的艺术元素
L1
通过埃及的art了解当时的社会环境关于古埃及日常生活的方式，教授向我们展示了通过墓葬艺术获取的深刻见解。墓葬墙上的绘画，被称为“公式化的风俗画”，生动地呈现了古埃及人的日常活动，如劳作、宴会和奏乐。这些绘画作品不仅展现了社会习俗，还揭示了当时的社会阶层和家庭生活。以富裕官员Nebemun的墓葬壁画为例，画面中他与家人的出游场景，通过人物的发型和活动，向我们展示了古埃及社会对年龄的识别和上层阶级的休闲方式。此外，教授还介绍了通过墓葬中的模型来进一步了解古埃及人的生活。
L2
物理学，教授阐述了电磁辐射的基本原理，特别指出了电磁波中电场与磁场之间的密切联系。教授指出，无论是可见光、X射线还是无线电波，它们都是电磁波谱中不同波长的表现，且每种波都由相互依存的电场和磁场构成。教授进一步阐释说，尽管我们可以分别探讨电场和磁场，但在实际的物理研究和应用中，我们往往更侧重于电场的研究。这是因为电场对物质的作用通常比磁场更为显著。
C2
Elizabeth完成了她的达达艺术论文，并准备将其发给Larson教授，同时附上所有必要的附件。她对教授之前对初稿的宝贵反馈表示感激。在汇报论文进展的同时，Elizabeth分享她的一幅画作被黄金画廊选中参加展览。然而，这幅画原本是她计划提交的作品集的一部分，而画廊的展览时间与提交作品集的截止日期相冲突，这让她很困扰。Larson教授并不倾向于延长截止日期，考虑到Elizabeth的特殊情况，教授同意将作品集的提交期限延长两周，以给予她更多的时间来准备。Elizabeth对教授的理解感到感激，并承诺在期中考试结束后，会及时与教授沟通她的进展情况，确保所有任务都能按时完成。
L3
海洋生物学，鱼类和海牛的导航机制是研究的重点。在之前的讲座中，我们了解到鱼类依赖其侧线系统来感知水压变化，从而进行导航。本次，我们深入探讨了海牛如何在其复杂的栖息地中导航。海牛生活在水质混浊、视线受限的沿海和河流生态系统中。由于它们的视力不佳，且不具备鲸鱼和海豚的回声定位能力，海牛发展出了一套独特的导航方式。海牛的皮肤上覆盖着许多坚硬的触觉毛发，这些毛发根部的神经末梢极为敏感，能够探测到周围环境中的微小触碰。
物理，在城市环境中，由于高楼大厦的密集布局，可能会增加雷暴发生的机会。
L4
历史，关于古罗马时期的水道系统，这一系统巧妙地将水源从远处输送至城市中心，有效满足了城市居民的用水需求。以罗马城为例，共建造了11条水道，它们每日为50万至100万居民提供约1000升的用水。这些水道的建设过程非常注重科学与技术的结合。首先，工程师们会寻找稳定的水源，然后精心设计管道线路，确保其具有平缓的坡度，以便利用重力的作用，顺利地将水输送到城市各处。水道的主体结构通常由铅管或陶瓷管构成，部分管道铺设在地下，这样既保证了水流的顺畅，又避免了对地面交通和建筑的影响。
口语
TASK 1独立口语题
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement？Students should have a one-year vacation before they attend universities.
TASK 2校园题
Changes in Modern Literature Course
Reading:1. To meet the needs of more students, the course will be moved to a larger lecture hall. This will solve the current enrollment limitation problem and allow more students to take this popular literature course. 2. Given the high demand for the course, a new evening session will be added, enabling more students to have the opportunity to enroll in "Introduction to Modern Literature."
Listening:The student disagrees with these changes. 1. In the course, it is very important for students to sit around a table and discuss. The new course arrangement may change this discussion form into a lecture form, which may lead to a reduction in learning effectiveness. 2. The evening session may not be convenient for many students because they usually have other activities or work at night. This may cause most students to still choose to attend classes during the day.
TASK 3学术讲座题
The cost of sponsoring a sports event is often expensive. However, some companies have adopted a more economical way to establish a connection with these events. These companies create an impression of being associated with the event by placing advertisements at or around the event site. For example, advertising football sports goods inside a baseball stadium. In addition, companies may also set up huge billboards on the necessary roads leading to the competition venue, such as beside the highway, to attract the attention of passers-by.
Example:The professor attended a baseball game the previous year. During that game, advertisements of sports equipment companies could be seen everywhere in the venue, giving people the impression that the company is closely related to the event. However, in fact, on the highway leading to the competition venue, there is a huge billboard belonging to another company. Passers-by do not know whether this company has sponsored the game. In this way, this company actually enjoys the indirect publicity effect brought by the event without paying a high sponsorship fee.
TASK 4 学术讲座题
Selective Breeding
In ancient times, when farmers grew crops, they would carry out selective breeding in order to improve the yield and quality of agricultural products. They would select the seeds of plants with certain ideal characteristics and continuously carry out reproduction. Over time, these varieties were gradually improved.
Example 1:Wheat. Initially, after wheat matured, the grains were easy to fall to the ground, making harvesting difficult. However, wheat with grains that did not easily fall off and could remain on the plant was relatively easy to harvest. Therefore, farmers began to select the seeds of these plants with grains that did not easily fall off. After years of cultivation, eventually all wheat varieties no longer easily fell to the ground, greatly facilitating the farmers' collection work. With this improvement, wheat became a major food crop, providing people with an abundant source of food.
Example 2:Pea Plant. In the early days, the fruits of pea plants were relatively small and could not meet people's needs. Farmers noticed this and began to select the seeds of plants with larger fruits and continue to reproduce. After continuous selective breeding, a pea variety with larger fruits was finally cultivated. This not only improved the edible value of peas but also increased the food supply.
写作
综合写作
The writer put forwards public health experts believe that adding a chemical substance to the local drinking water system would be more beneficial for human health. However, the professor’s lecture casts doubt on the reading.
To begin with, this substance can effectively prevent tooth decay. If a person's drinking water contains this substance all year round, the likelihood of getting tooth decay will be much lower. Because this substance, when combined with teeth, makes them stronger. The professor in the lecture challenges the opinion, for the reason that in fact, human toothpaste already contains this substance. It itself can prevent tooth decay. And because drinking water, the vast majority is swallowed, the chance of actually helping teeth is very low
In addition, this substance can kill some microorganisms in water. And the toxicity of this substance is very small, it will not harm the human body . However, the professor maintains an opposite opinion that this substance will react chemically with lead in public water supply pipelines. And lead will follow this substance directly into the human body, causing harm to the human body
In the end, the writer holds the view that the writer asserts thatthis substance can reduce the risk of fractures in the elderly. Because the bone content of the elderly is relatively low, increasing this substance can increase the activity of bone cells. Increase the density of bones . Whereas, the professor in the lecture believes, on the contrary of reading, If this substance is excessive, it actually increases the risk of fractures because it increases the activity of bone cells, making bones fragile. So if you want to consume, you should also control the content well, rather than unlimited intake.
学术讨论
Your professor is teaching a class. Write a post responding to the professor's question.
In your response, you should do the following.
Express and support your opinion.
Make a contribution to the discussion in your own words.
An effective response will contain at least 100 words.
We've been talking about the process of starting anew business. One of the most important aspects of the process is staffing-that is, deciding which people to hire. Please discuss the following question:ls it better for new businesses to hire experienced veterans of the industry or to staff the business with younger employees who are right out of university? Why do you think so?
Claire
I think a company should staff a business with the most experienced employees possible. Lfyou're starting a new business, you need people around you who know what they are doingand can quickly get the business up to speed. Spending time training inexperienced peoplewill slow you down.
Paul
I understand what Claire is saying, but if you are starting a new business, you want peoplewho are particularly enthusiastic and energetic. Who better than a recent graduate to bringthose abilitiesto the job? You would be guaranteed an ambitious hard worker.
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