剑18写作范文及解析 | Test3 人口迁移的利弊

城市规划类大作文，利弊类话题

In many countries around the world, rural people are moving to cities, so the population in the countryside is decreasing. Do you think this is a positive or a negative development?

题目来源：剑18Test3大作文

1、题目大意

在世界上许多国家，农村人口正在向城市迁移，因此农村人口正在减少。你认为这是积极的还是消极的发展？

2、思路解析

这是一道利弊类大作文，聊的是城市化人口迁移的问题。利弊类大作文需要强调在论证上体现合理性，即在具体的分析中，明确能体现出一边的论述的确是大于另一边，或是利弊均等，而利弊是否有说服力并不取决于观点的数量，而是内容是否有说服力。审题时要注意，利弊的观点和论证都需要围绕“人口迁移”展开，下面月半鸭和大家一起来看下具体观点。

首先来看好处，有两方面一方面，城市化可能带来经济增长。人口从农村迁移到城市可能意味着劳动力从较低效率的农业部门转移到较高效率的非农业部门，这可能有助于经济的增长。同时，由于城市人口增加带来了大量消费，推动市场需求。

另一方面，城市提供了更多的工作机会以及更好的教育、医疗等基础设施，这将有助于提高迁入人群的生活水平、教育水平，以及改善整体的健康状况。

再来看坏处，有三方面

一是城市负担增加，城市人口大幅度增加可能导致基础设施和资源的压力增加，包括住房，公共交通，教育和就业资源等，可能带来资源分配不均的问题并产生其他一系列社会问题。

二是会增加环境压力，大量人口增加意味着废水和垃圾都会增加，进而产生相应的处理问题。同时，私家车的增加也会产生更多废气排放，造成更严重的空气污染。

三是会造成农村空心化的问题。随着农村人口的减少，一些地方可能会面临缺乏劳动力的问题，影响农业生产和农村社区的稳定，甚至可能产生更大范围的粮食安全问题。

3、提纲

4、高分范文示例

The ongoing trend of rural residents migrating to urban centers has resulted in a notable decline in countryside populations. While some may perceive this as a progressive development, I contend that its negative consequences outweigh any potential benefits.

To start with, the exodus from rural areas to cities frequently leads to the abandonment of agricultural lands, which can have severe repercussions on food production. As the rural workforce shrinks, agricultural productivity decreases, causing countries to become increasingly dependent on food imports. This reliance can cause fluctuating food prices and reduced access to fresh produce, ultimately affecting the population's well-being. Additionally, rural depopulation contributes to environmental degradation, as urban expansion often encroaches upon natural habitats and green spaces.

The transformation of agricultural lands to accommodate the swelling urban populations results in the loss of invaluable ecosystems, causing harm to biodiversity and the global environment. Moreover, urbanization exacerbates pollution and contributes to climate change due to increased resource consumption and waste production.

While urbanization might promote economic growth and enhance access to resources, it is vital to consider the long-term implications.

Focusing exclusively on urban areas could lead to unsustainable development, accompanied by significant social, economic, and environmental consequences. Governments should prioritize the revitalization of rural regions and promote a more equitable distribution of resources. By addressing the root causes of rural migration, a more sustainable and inclusive development model can emerge, benefiting both rural and urban communities.

In conclusion, the rural-to-urban migration trend leans more toward negative development, as it jeopardizes cultural heritage, exerts pressure on urban infrastructure, and adversely impacts rural economies. Governments must acknowledge the ramifications of this trend and adopt policies that promote sustainable development and bolster rural communities. By doing so, a more balanced and harmonious socio-economic landscape can be achieved, ensuring the well-being of all citizens.

5、相关词汇和语法结构

ongoing trend   持续趋势

rural residents   农村居民

notable decline   显著下降

potential benefits   潜在好处

exodus from rural areas   从农村地区的大批离去

severe repercussions   严重的反响

agricultural productivity   农业生产力

increasingly dependent   日益依赖

fluctuating food prices   食品价格波动

environmental degradation   环境恶化

encroaches upon   侵占

natural habitats   自然栖息地

invaluable ecosystems   无价的生态系统

sustainable development   可持续发展

equitable distribution   公平分配

root causes   根本原因

inclusive development model   包容性发展模式

cultural heritage   文化遗产

urban infrastructure   城市基础设施

harmonious socio-economic landscape   和谐的社会经济格局