在这篇文章中,我将讲解一些与违法犯罪相关的常用词汇表达,希望大家在写到相关话题的作文时可以用到。
①违法者
criminal、offender、law-breaker。
如果是未成年违法者,则通常用delinquent、juvenile或juvenile delinquent。juvenile/delinquent两个词既可作名词也可作形容词。【相关表达】juvenile delinquency青少年犯罪。
【例句】Community service is used for less severe offenders.社区服务被用于惩罚较轻的罪犯。
②犯罪
commit a crime、offend(offender的动词形式)
break/violate a law。如是表示抽象的“违法”,而不强调具体的法律以及违法了几条法律,则用break/violate the law。【反义词】obey/abide by the law守法。
【例句1】Women are generally far less likely to offend than their male counterparts.女性犯罪的可能性一般要远小于男性。
【例句2】Companies that violate environmental laws will be heavily fined.违反环境法的企业将受到重额罚款。
③非法行为(crime)
除了crime之外还可以用offence、illegal activity。
如果没有达到犯法的地步,但是不符合社会道德,则可以用:
wrongdoing(坏事、不道德行为)、socially/morally unacceptable behaviour、misconduct(行为不端)
【例句】In a highly civilized society, even a minor offence will not go unpunished.在高度文明的社会,即便是轻微的罪行也不会免受惩罚。
【相关表达】lead sb astray使某人误入歧途。【例句】In regions rife with crime and beset by poor governance, teenagers are easily led astray.在犯罪猖獗且治理欠缺的地区,青少年很容易被迫使犯罪。
④打击犯罪
bring...to justice将...绳之以法
crack down on/clamp down on严厉打击(行为/人)。【名词形式】a crackdown/clampdown on
【例句1】These savage attackers will be brought to justice.这些暴力的打人者将被绳之以法。【例句2】The nation is launching a clampdown/crackdown on drink-driving.该国正在打击酒驾行为。
具体的惩罚:
fine罚款。可以作动词或名词。
【例句】Violators of this law will be fined ¥2,000.违反这条法律的人将会被罚款200元。| Violators of this law will be liable to a heavy fine.违反这条法律的人会受到重额罚款的惩罚。(受到)金钱处罚还可以用(face) financial penalties。
be put in jail坐牢sentence sb to n years in prison判n年
spend the rest of one's life behind bars无期徒刑的委婉表达方式。【名词形式】a life sentence无期徒刑。
【例句】These offenders are sentenced to three years in prison each.这些违法者每人被判三年有期徒刑。